APLIKASI METODE PELATIHAN PERAWAT PUSKESMAS SEBAGAI CHANGE AGENT DALAM UPAYA DETEKSI DINI GANGGUAN JIWA MASYARAKAT WILAYAH PUSKESMAS PLAJU

Sri Maryatun, Nurna Ningsih

Abstract


Abstrak
Kemajuan era globalisasi yang berdampak positif bagi kesejahteraan manusia memberikan pengaruh
yang negative bagikesehatan masyarakat dengan bergesernya kelompok penyakit menular ke kelompok
penyakit tidakmenular termasuk penyakit dengan masalah kejiwaan. WHO memperkirakan prevalensi
gangguan kesehatan mental akan mencapai angka 15%-20% pada tahun 2020 disertai dengan Disability
Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) atau hari-hari produktif yang hilang, gangguan jiwa menyebabkan beban di
seluruh dunia sebesar 8,1% dari beban penyakit global. Pemahaman dan keyakinan petugas kesehatan dan
masyarakat mengenai kesehatan jiwa akan membantu dalam mengenali, mengelola, dan mencegah
memburuknya suatu gangguan jiwa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan
,sikap dan perilaku perawat dalam melakukan deteksi dini gangguan jiwa dan memberikan asuhan
keperawatan jiwa kepada masyarakat diwilayah kerja puskesmas Plaju. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan
adalah penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain Quasi experimental pre posttest without control group
dengan intervensi pelatihan perawat Puskesmas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan
terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan,sikap dan perilaku perawat puskesmas setelah diberikan pelatihan
dalam melakukan deteksi dini angka gangguan jiwa masyarakat yaitu pengetahuan mencapai kategori
baik sebanyak 33%, sikap kategori baik 33%dan perilaku perawat dalam kategori baik dan mampu
melakukan deteksi dini gangguan jiwa sebesar 97,5%. Perawat dapat melakukan deteksi dini gangguan
jiwa dan sekaligus menerapkan asuhan keperawatan bagi anggota keluarga yang sudah mengalami
gangguan jiwa. Rekomendasi diharapkan perawat dapat mengadakan pelatihan bagi kader masyarakat dan
dinas kesehatan dapat memfasilitasi kegiatan dalam rangka peningkatan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa
masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Pelatihan, Perawat, Deteksi dini, Gangguan Jiwa
Abstract
The progress of the globalization era which has a positive impact on human welfare has a negative
influence on public health by shifting the infectious diseases group to non-communicable diseases
including diseases with mental problems. WHO estimates that the prevalence of mental health disorders
will reach 15% -20% in 2020 accompanied by Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) or lost productive
days, mental disorders cause a worldwide burden of 8.1% of the global disease burden. Understanding
and belief of health workers and the public about mental health will help in recognizing, managing and
preventing worsening of a mental disorder. This study aimed to improving the knowledge, attitudes and
behavior of nurses in the early detection of mental disorders and providing mental nursing care to the
community in the work area of the Plaju Health Center. The type of this study was used quantitative
research which had been used a Quasi experimental design pre-post test without control group with
nurse health center intervention training. Based on the results of research that had been done there was
an increase in knowledge, attitudes and behavior of puskesmas nurses after being was given training in
early detection of mental disorders, named knowledge reached 33% good category, 33% good attitude
and nurses behaviored in the good category and was abled to done early detection of mental disorders by
97.5%. Nurses had beendone early detection of mental disorders and at the same time was applied
nursing care for family members who was already experiencing mental disorders. Recommendations was
expected that nurses wasconducted training for community cadres and the health department was
facilitated activities in the context of improving community mental health services.
Keywords: Training, Nurses, Early Detection, Mental Disorders


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P ISSN : 2477-1597

E ISSN : 2685-4449