Perkembangan Penyakit Hawar Daun (Bipolaris maydis ) pada Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Desa Tanjung Seteko Kecamatan Indralaya, Ogan Ilir

Abstract

Hamidson, H., Umayah, A., Gunawan, B., Hasmeda, M., Arsi, A., & Ihsan, F.  (2023). Development of leaf blight (bipolaris maydis) disease of corn (Zea mays L.) in Tanjung Seteko Village, Sub District Indralaya, District Ogan Ilir. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-11 Tahun 2023, Palembang  21 Oktober 2023. (pp. 318-326).  Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).

Indralaya sub-district is a place where maize is cultivated continuously every season. This condition causes blight to develop easily. Maize (Zea mays L.) is a staple crop after rice. Leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis) is one of the main diseases that always often appear on corn in Tanjung Seteko Village, Indralaya District, Ogan Ilir Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of development of leaf blight caused by B. maydis.  Observations were made using the sampling method. The seeds used in both fields were superior quality hybrid yellow sweet corn varieties.  The data collected were primary data in the form of direct observation of symptoms in the field and secondary data obtained from farmer interviews. The t-test analysis results were used with a 5% confidence level.  Observations were made four times during one month following the age of the maize plants. Land selection of maize plants was observed by looking at the age of the plants, land one with the age of 30 days and land two with the age of 50 days after planting.  Observations of leaf blight (B. maydis) development were found in all phases of maize growth, both vegetative and generative.  Leaf blight spots developed continuously during maize plant growth. The spots developed longer and wider in 30 Hst old plants compared to 50 Hst old corn plants. The results of the t-test analysis of the average blight spot length, spot width showed a significant difference between the two fields observed. In the vegetative and generative phases, there are two common diseases that attack maize plants, namely the leaf blight pathogen (Bipolaris maydis) Understanding how to anticipate disease attacks has become the main thing for farmers, because possible losses caused by the emergence of diseases can be anticipated.